Filed Under: Columns

Human Action

by Ludwig von Mises

Man’s freedom to choose and to act is restricted in a threefold way. There are first the physical laws to whose unfeeling absoluteness man must adjust his conduct if he wants to live. There are second the individual’s innate constitutional characteristics and dispositions and the operation of environmental factors. There is finally the regularity of phenomena with regard to the inter-connectedness of means and ends, viz., the praxeological law as distinct from the physical and the physiological law.

Man has not the power to change the categories of human action. He must adjust his conduct to them.

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